Investigation: 500 Casino TowersPayout discrepancy
Independent investigation · Published

THE PAYOUT DISCREPANCY

Advertised: 5% house edge.
Actual: up to 40.13%.

500 Casino’s Originals game Towers advertises a fixed 5% house edge. Cash out beyond row 1 and you face around 2–8 times that edge: 9.75–40.13%.

GAME & SCOPE
Towers · all 3 modes
Captured payout construction
SESSION RECORD
33 games · 53 tiles
13 cash-outs · 20 bombs
HISTORICAL EVIDENCE
September 2023 onward
Dated captures, not continuous audit
REPRODUCE
Code, datasets & sources ↗
Client code · balance records
00

The report in 30 seconds

01 / PLAYER IMPACTHigher edge

Actual house edge: 5–40.13%.

Advertised as a fixed 5%, the edge climbs to 40.13%. Every cash-out past row 1 pays less than advertised. Evidence spans over three years; our model estimates $3.5m–$21.6m in potential extra player losses.

02 / WHY CHECKS MISS ITScope gap

Verification passes. The payout table fails.

Provably Fair checks pass: players can reproduce the game results. But the payout table separately decides what a win pays. That calculation sits outside the verifier and the published RNG certificate.

How Towers works—and what went wrong

You place one bet, pick a tile on each row and can cash out after any safe pick. The higher you climb, the bigger the risk and the payout. 500 Casino promises a fixed 5% house edge: that reduction should be applied once. Instead, it reduces the payout on every row. The advertised 95% return falls to 77.38% at row 5 and 59.87% at row 10, on average.

Captured game code, our 33-game October 2026 test and 27 winning records dated November 2024 show the same payout problem. The pattern is documented back to September 2023. Our three-year model estimates a potential $3.5m–$21.6m extra player cost, with about $10m at the centre. The finding is simple: under this table, every cash-out past row 1 pays less than the advertised fixed 5% should pay.

PayoutsBelow advertised

Every cash-out past row 1 pays less than a fixed 5% should.

Evidence2024 + 2026

Real cash-outs show the same payout problem nearly two years apart.

Provably FairResults verify

The verifier checks bomb positions, not the payout table.

Return at row 10
59.87% RTP
Advertised: 95%
Less on a $100 Medium
row-10 win
$35,969
Estimated player cost
$3.5–21.6m
Three-year scenario range
Earliest evidence
Sep 2023
of this payout pattern
01

What 500 Casino advertises — and what it pays

500 Casino says Towers has a fixed 5% house edge in all three modes. On Medium, that should pay 1.90× at row 1, 3.80× at row 2 and 7.60× at row 3. The game reduces each later payout again, so the gap starts at row 2 and grows as you climb.

500 CasinoPUBLISHED ODDS
“Towers has a fixed house edge set at 5% for all 3 difficulty modes.”
500 Casino Help Centre · What are the odds of Towers? ↗
View original screenshot
500 Casino’s published odds: Towers has a fixed house edge set at 5% for all three difficulty modes.

Captured 28 October 2026 (page dated 29 April 2024). Same wording archived 25 September 2023.

Compare the payouts

Medium — 2 tiles, 1 bomb, 1-in-2 per row

Row500 Casino multiplierWhat 5% should payEdge from client table
11.900×1.900×5.00%
23.610×3.800×9.75%
36.858×7.600×14.28%
413.032×15.200×18.55%
524.760×30.400×22.63%
647.045×60.800×26.49%
789.387×121.600×30.17%
8169.835×243.200×33.66%
9322.687×486.400×36.98%
10613.106×972.800×40.13%

Captured three-decimal multipliers and their implied house edges. Charts below use the full payout formula; small truncation differences are explained under calculations and rounding.

Your average return falls as you climb

A fixed 5% edge should leave a 95% average return at every cash-out row. At row 10, this formula leaves just 59.87% — a house edge of 40.13%, around eight times the advertised rate.

EXPECTED RETURN BY CASH-OUT ROW

The higher you climb, the less you get back.

500 CasinoAdvertised 95%
59.87% return40.13% house edgeROW 10 · 35.13 points below advertised return
Expected return by cash-out row500 Casino’s expected return falls from 95% at row 1 to 59.87% at row 10. The advertised fixed-edge return remains 95% at every row. Select a row using the controls below.50%60%70%80%90%100%12345678910

Hover or click a row to see its return and house edge.

At row 10, the game returns $59.87 per $100 wagered on average — instead of the advertised $95.

Payout calculations and roundingPublished odds, source code and the precision behind the tables
DifficultyTiles per rowBombs per rowOdds of surviving a row (500’s figure)Fixed-5% winning multiplier at row n
Easy312/3 (published as 0.6666)0.95 × 1.5ⁿ
Medium210.500.95 × 2ⁿ
Hard321/3 (published as 0.3333)0.95 × 3ⁿ

The benchmark uses the advertised edge and the tile odds. We use exact fractions 2/3, 1/2 and 1/3, rather than treating the help page’s shortened decimals as exact probabilities.

The client retains a three-decimal multiplier table and uses shorter labels on screen. That table is compared with a fixed 5% edge above. These labels are not proof of the precise amount credited: the historical records show payouts calculated beyond three decimal places.

1.9 × 1.9 = 3.61. A fixed 5% would instead pay 1.9, 3.8, 7.6 and so on to 972.8×. Benchmark multipliers are rounded to three decimals here; calculations use their full value.

The three-decimal table adds small truncation differences. For example, Medium row 5 gives 22.625%, rounded to 22.63%; the untruncated formula gives 22.62%. The graphs use the untruncated formula, which gives the same curve across all three difficulties.

The retained October client source has a towersHouseEdge: .05 default. Its Towers component then places 1 − houseEdge inside the per-row multiplier. A November 2025 archived client contains the same payout construction.

CODE & CALCULATIONS
// Client-store default in the captured October 2026 source
towersHouseEdge: .05

// Towers payout construction, condensed
roundMultiplier = choices / (choices − bombs) × (1 − houseEdge)
clientMultiplier = floor(1000 × roundMultiplier^row) / 1000

// Medium: 1.9 is raised to the row number
row 1: 1.900×    row 2: 3.610×    row 10: 613.106×

The 5% reduction is inside the number being multiplied again. A fixed 5% would be applied once after calculating the fair winning multiplier. Here it is applied at each step. The client code establishes the construction; the test balances and historical records establish the payout evidence.

The house edges and payouts in this report are calculated from the payout formula. Settlement rounds down to the operator’s smallest unit and single wins are capped at $200,000; both can only lower a payout further. Below the cap, every cash-out past row 1 pays less than a fixed 5% would.

02

What this means for your money

Under this payout table, every player who cashes out above row 1 receives less than the advertised fixed-5% payout — in every difficulty. Each extra row applies another 5% reduction. The same pattern is documented from September 2023 to October 2026, with real cash-outs confirming it in 2024 and 2026.

2.1 How much less a winning bet pays

On a $100 Medium bet, reaching row 4 should pay $1,520. The formula pays $1,303.21 — $216.79 less. At row 10, it pays about $35,969 less. The shortfall is built into every affected cash-out.

$100 BET · MEDIUM DIFFICULTY

A winning cash-out pays less than promised.

RowShare of fixed-5% payout500 Casino paysFixed 5% would payShortfall
1
$190$190—
2
$361$380$19
3
$686$760$74
4
$1,303$1,520$217
5
$2,476$3,040$564
6
$4,705$6,080$1,375
7
$8,939$12,160$3,221
8
$16,984$24,320$7,336
9
$32,269$48,640$16,371
10
$61,311$97,280$35,969

Each bar shows how much of the promised payout you receive.

What could this cost you?

See the extra cost compared with a fixed 5% house edge.

EXPECTED PAYOUT SHORTFALL$13,549$100 × 1,000 bets · target row 4
EXPECTED MONEY RETURNED
500 Casino
$81,451
At a fixed 5%
$95,000

Reaching your target

DifficultyExpected cash-outsChance of zero cash-outs
Easy197.53<0.01%
Medium62.5<0.01%
Hard12.35<0.01%

Based on independent attempts at the selected target. Actual cash-outs can differ.

An average across repeated sets of bets, not a prediction for your session. Includes losing bets.

Actual results: zero successful cash-outs means a $0 payout gap between the two tables. Both pay $0 on losing bets; lost stakes are separate.

How it’s calculated

$100 × 1,000 × (0.95 − 0.954) = $13,549

Expected shortfall = expected cash-outs × payout gap per successful cash-out. For each mode, the chance of reaching row n is qⁿ; the chance of zero cash-outs over N independent attempts is (1 − qⁿ)ᴺ. Assumes the same stake and target for every bet. Caps, rounding and rewards are excluded.

2.2 Real payouts in 2024 and 2026

The pattern appears in actual payouts in two periods almost two years apart. The November 2024 records show 27 wins below the advertised payout. In our October 2026 test, every recorded cash-out above row 1 also paid less. Select a date to compare every retained cash-out.

REAL PAYOUTS · TWO DATED EVIDENCE SETS

The same payout problem, nearly two years apart.

27 of 27 wins paid less than a fixed 5% should.

8 & 13 November 2024 · selected records from one account

Bet / dateModeRowStakeMultiplier shownDisplayed payoutWhat 5% should payPaid less
8 Nov · e61b1e ↗Medium2$2.003.61×$7.22$7.60$0.38
8 Nov · 2a8ee6 ↗Easy3$5.002.89×$14.47$16.03$1.56
8 Nov · 1030e6 ↗Easy3$5.002.89×$14.47$16.03$1.56
8 Nov · e664bd ↗Easy5$5.005.88×$29.38$36.07$6.69
8 Nov · 1037d7 ↗Easy5$5.005.88×$29.38$36.07$6.69
8 Nov · 299dbe ↗Easy4$5.004.12×$20.62$24.05$3.43
13 Nov · 358a1f ↗Easy4$0.124.12×$0.49$0.58$0.09
13 Nov · 95e6ef ↗Easy3$2.002.89×$5.79$6.41$0.62
13 Nov · 30f003 ↗Easy4$2.004.12×$8.25$9.62$1.37
13 Nov · bc804e ↗Easy3$1.512.89×$4.37$4.84$0.47
13 Nov · b5aa2a ↗Easy3$3.002.89×$8.68$9.62$0.94
13 Nov · 324d00 ↗Easy3$5.002.89×$14.47$16.03$1.56
13 Nov · b62668 ↗Easy4$10.004.12×$41.23$48.09$6.86
13 Nov · b6384f ↗Easy3$10.002.89×$28.94$32.06$3.12
13 Nov · abae91 ↗Easy3$20.002.89×$57.87$64.13$6.26
13 Nov · b66262 ↗Easy3$20.002.89×$57.87$64.13$6.26
13 Nov · b68c49 ↗Easy2$100.002.03×$203.06$213.75$10.69
13 Nov · 390bea ↗Easy2$10.002.03×$20.31$21.38$1.07
13 Nov · 391646 ↗Easy2$10.002.03×$20.31$21.38$1.07
13 Nov · cd388a ↗Easy2$10.002.03×$20.31$21.38$1.07
13 Nov · b7aa5f ↗Easy3$10.102.89×$29.23$32.38$3.15
13 Nov · 393a3d ↗Easy4$10.004.12×$41.23$48.09$6.86
13 Nov · cd5ad6 ↗Easy3$10.002.89×$28.94$32.06$3.12
13 Nov · b7d5c2 ↗Easy2$20.002.03×$40.61$42.75$2.14
13 Nov · cd6c17 ↗Easy2$20.002.03×$40.61$42.75$2.14
13 Nov · b7e564 ↗Easy3$20.002.89×$57.87$64.13$6.26
13 Nov · ad1812 ↗Easy2$20.102.03×$40.82$42.96$2.14

Scroll to see all 27 records

Recorded bets and October testBoth dated datasets, settlement examples and test scope

Table notes: payouts include the original stake. November contains 27 selected operator-hosted wins dated 8 and 13 November 2024, retrieved 28 October 2026. October includes all 13 cash-outs in the 9 October test; A5’s displayed payout was not retained and is left blank. The table compares recorded payout displays with fixed-5% calculations rounded to cents; multiplier labels are not treated as exact settlement amounts. The P2-3 display and cent-rounded balance observations differ by one cent.

October 2026 check

CheckRecorded evidence
RecordEasy row-2 cash-out · 9 October 2026 · 12:18:53 UTC
Stake / displayed payout$1.50 / $3.05
Fixed-5% payout / difference$3.20625 → $3.21 / $0.16 at displayed-cent precision
Balance check$101.34 before the $1.50 bet; $102.89 after the cash-out
Session scope33 games · 53 selected tiles · 13 cash-outs · 20 bombs

The October example uses the cash-out display and balance checkpoints at cent precision; exact sub-cent settlement was not captured. The November record displays a 13 November 2024 event date and was retrieved from the operator on 28 October 2026.

Date shownDifficultyStakeCashed out afterDisplayed payoutFixed 5% would payDifference
13 Nov 2024Easy$100.00row 2$203.06$213.75$10.69
13 Nov 2024Easy$20.00row 3$57.87$64.13$6.26
8 Nov 2024Easy$5.00row 5$29.38$36.07$6.69
13 Nov 2024Easy$10.00row 4$41.23$48.09$6.86
8 Nov 2024Medium$2.00row 2$7.22$7.60$0.38
13 Nov 2024Easy$10.10row 3$29.23$32.38$3.15

The $100 Easy row-2 record is particularly clear. The operator displays $203.06. A literal 2.030× label gives $203.00, while the full formula gives $203.0625. A fixed 5% gives $213.75. Thirteen of the 27 records distinguish these calculations. The pages were retrieved on 28 October 2026; their displayed 2024 dates are not independent 2024 capture timestamps.

500’s own records match the full compounded multiplier.

All 270 row payout values dated November 2024 (including all 27 actually paid) and all 330 public-feed payouts equal it. The client’s 3-decimal labels match only 40 and 199, so the 3-decimal ladder is ruled out. Our 9 October test (33 games, $18.09 staked, 13 cash-outs) matches the same payouts.

The public feed adds 416 distinct Towers records: 330 positive payouts and 86 zero payouts. All 330 positive raw amounts match the full formula floored to the feed’s integer unit. Modes and rows are inferred from those amounts. The feed is a sample, so it isn’t used for total losses or total wagering.

03

A fixed house edge should stay fixed

Stake publishes a 2% house edge for Dragon Tower. Shuffle’s published Tower chart works out to the same 2% at every row. Both apply the edge once, so it stays at 2% as you climb. 500 Casino’s edge grows instead: the higher the row, the more the payout falls short.

HOUSE EDGE BY CASH-OUT ROW

A fixed edge stays fixed as you climb.

GameRow 1Row 3Row 5Row 7Row 9
Dragon Tower2%2%2%2%2%
Tower2%2%2%2%2%
Towers5%14.26%22.62%30.17%36.98%
Comparator calculations and sourcesPublished Stake and Shuffle rules and payout tables

Stake’s game rules give Master mode a 1-in-4 chance per row; its official guide confirms 3.92× first and 256,901.12× ninth multipliers. Shuffle’s official Hard table runs from 1.96× to 501.76× over nine rows, with 1-in-2 row odds. These are published-model comparisons, not nine witnessed settlements.

// A fixed edge cancels out when top multiplier is divided by first
Shuffle Hard   501.76 ÷ 1.96 = 256 = 2^8 across 8 further rows
500 Medium     613.106 ÷ 1.90 ≈ 322.69
// Fixed 5% across its 9 further rows would give 2^9 = 512.
04

Why successful verification did not catch it

The Provably Fair implementation checks out in our captured session. We replayed all 33 games and all 53 selected tiles, and both revealed server seeds matched their pre-bet hashes. A player verifying those same bets would get a passing result.

Provably Fair lets you check that the game used the committed inputs to generate your result. The payout table is a separate layer: after the board is determined, it assigns a multiplier to your safe climb. A correct board does not make that multiplier correct.

How Provably Fair works

Prove the tiles. Then check the payout.

  1. Commit before play

    The casino publishes a hash of its hidden server seed. It can reveal the seed later, but cannot swap it without changing the hash.

  2. Build each result

    Your client seed, the server seed, a changing game seed and the row number determine where the bombs go.

  3. Reveal and replay

    After the server seed is revealed, a verifier rebuilds the board. Matching tiles mean that result passes verification.

What we independently verified

Server commitments
2 / 2
Game results
33 / 33
Selected tiles
53 / 53

A separate step: how much a win pays

The verifier reproduces the bombs. It does not compare the cash-out multiplier with the advertised 5% edge.

That is how a player can see “verified” and still receive a lower payout.

How we verified the resultsCommitments, reproduced games and the full verification checklist

4.1 How a result is made

Code & calculations

// Published method; row = 0…9 (bottom row is 0)
digest = HMAC_SHA256(serverSeed, clientSeed + ":" + gameSeed + ":" + row)
value = int(digest[0:13], 16) / 2^52
// Map value to one of the equally sized bomb-layout intervals.

The game seed is a chain of SHA-256 hashes of the account ID. In the October session, games used chain positions 0 through 32. The final panel showed position 33 as the next seed, matching a full independent recomputation. This gives each game a deterministic input that can be calculated in advance.

4.2 A real game, replayed in our own code

CheckWhat we computedResult
CommitmentSHA-256 of revealed server seed c32b9c84…0770fMatches recorded hash 93cfceb2…51c522
Game seedOne SHA-256 of the test account IDMatches chain position 1: 89bb2e59…9a03a
Played resultOctober session game A2: Medium, left tile on row 1Right tile is the bomb; recorded cash-out after row 1 reproduces

Code & calculations

// Game A2: computed bomb position in rows 1–10 (left = 0, right = 1)
1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0
// Only row 1 was played in this game. Its selected left tile was safe.

4.3 Requirements vs 500 Casino Towers

RequirementWhat we observedVerdict
Server-seed hash before bettingTwo recorded commitments match the two later revealed seedsMatched
Player-controlled client seedA chosen client seed was set at rotation; it is an input to the replayed gamesObserved
Distinct input for each gameAccount-ID hash chain advances through the 33-game sessionMatched
Published derivation, player can replayAll 33 outcomes and 53 selected tiles reproduce in independent codeMatched
Payout matches a fixed 5% edgeLater-row payouts fall below the fixed-5% benchmarkMismatch

The Towers seed panel did not load during the session; seeds were read and rotated through the site’s Mines panel. Its commitments and chain reproduced the Towers results. Screenshots and the session log were retained; there is no production network log or screen recording for these bets.

FieldValue
October sampleA2 — Medium, game-seed chain position 1
Server hash recorded before play93cfceb2b5f17ff55b527a960984d1d0e74d671b57789bc7e14d5fd28351c522
Server seed revealed laterc32b9c845d43157bc420cfbadb408d28802b81ca3e90dca34a3e52d87bd0770f
Game seed89bb2e592ed73bafcf543d02ac723e72b52004fb5d60f24fb9f5f654e009a03a
Client seed97BCXIhqj6
Computed bomb positions (rows 1–10)1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0
Observed checkLeft tile on row 1 was safe; cash-out after row 1. Later rows were not played in this game.
05

What the RNG certificate does — and does not — cover

An RNG certificate tests the random-number generator and, where included, how those numbers are mapped into game outcomes. It helps answer whether results are generated appropriately. It does not automatically certify the game’s payout table or advertised return.

500 Casino’s iTech Labs certificate includes Towers in its RNG and scaling tests. The published document does not assess the fixed-5% payout promise. iTech treats game mathematics and RTP testing as separate work. The certificate therefore does not resolve the payout problem shown here.

RNG testing ≠ payout-table testing

A random result can still pay the wrong amount.

Covered by this RNG certificate

Random numbers and scaling

Statistical tests check the generated numbers and how they map into game outcomes. Towers is listed among the scaling tests.

Not assessed in this certificate

The fixed-5% payout promise

A game-math review must check the chance of winning against the cash-out multipliers. The published certificate contains no Towers paytable or certified RTP figure.

iTech Labs · RNG certificate · 23 December 2024

Certificate and test scopeOriginal certificate, laboratory scope and review notes

iTech Labs RNG certificate, 23 December 2024.

The operator-hosted certificate describes randomness tests and scaling tests that include Towers. It does not describe an assessment of the advertised fixed-5% payout table. A result can therefore reproduce correctly while the separate payout calculation gives less than the stated edge implies. The certificate also does not establish which code is deployed today.

The December certificate reports RNG statistical testing and scaling tests including Towers. An earlier February 2024 certificate also lists Towers. Neither public document provides a Towers payout table or a fixed-5% assessment; the full private laboratory report was not available for this review.

06

The problem is documented back to 2023

This was not just one test session. Archived pages from September 2023 already show the fixed-5% promise alongside payouts consistent with the repeated reduction. The November 2024 records and October 2026 test provide later evidence of the same pattern.

Documented since September 2023

One payout pattern. Three years of evidence.

  1. Sep 2023

    The original promise

    Archived pages advertise 5%; the maximum payouts already match the repeated reduction.

  2. Nov 2024

    Wins paid less

    27 selected winning records from one account match the lower payout formula.

  3. Oct 2026

    The pattern continues

    Our live test and captured code show the same payout construction.

Historical records and source timelineDated pages, archived code and retained player records
DateEvent
25 Sep 2023Archived Towers odds and general house-edge pages state 5%. The limits page lists approximately 613× for Medium and 35,354× for Hard, consistent with the compounded construction. The rounded limits are documentation, not observed settlements.
27 Feb 2024An earlier iTech Labs certificate also names Towers among the scaling tests. December 2024 was not the first such certificate.
19 Apr 2024The archived limits page shows a $200,000 win limit and the same rounded maximum multipliers. The September 2023 page showed $100,000. This documents a limits change, not evidence of internal knowledge or intent.
8 & 13 Nov 2024Dates displayed on the 27 selected operator-hosted winning records retrieved on 28 October 2026. All payouts match the compounded formula rounded to cents.
8 Dec 2024A retained limits-page snapshot again shows the same rounded maximum multipliers.
23 Dec 2024The reviewed iTech Labs certificate describes RNG and scaling tests, including Towers.
1 Nov 2025The retained archived Towers client contains the per-row compounded payout construction.
7 Oct 2026Logged-out game and source captures retain the payout construction, shorter display labels and the game-page RTP statement.
9 Oct 2026Controlled test: 33 games, 53 selected tiles, 13 cash-outs, 20 bomb results and $18.09 staked.
28 Oct 2026Historical operator records retrieved; current disclosure and comparator pages captured.

The disclosure and payout pattern are documented more than three years apart. The retained evidence does not identify the first-ever wager or establish uninterrupted use between these dates.

SnapshotSource
2023-09-25 09:40:24 UTC2023-09-25-house-edge
2023-09-25 10:12:56 UTC2023-09-25-limits
2023-09-25 08:46:22 UTC2023-09-25-odds
2024-04-19 09:15:38 UTC2024-04-19-limits
2024-12-08 06:20:49 UTC2024-12-08-limits

What the evidence does not establish.

We do not establish intent, continuous deployment since launch, every player’s losses or an exact aggregate refund amount. We also do not claim a statistical randomness test was completed. Those limits do not change the demonstrated gap between later-row payouts and a fixed 5% edge.

07

Estimating the cost to players

The gap adds up across players and repeated bets. At row 2, the formula creates an extra $4.75 in expected losses per $100 wagered. At row 5, that becomes $17.62; at row 10, $35.13. These are averages across winning and losing attempts.

Our model estimates $3.5m–$21.6m in potential extra player losses over three years, with a central scenario of about $10.1m.

ESTIMATED PLAYER COST · THREE-YEAR SCENARIOS

$10.1m
Potential extra player lossesCentral scenario across three equal-volume years.
Lower inputs$3.53m
Central$10.11m
Upper inputs$21.61m

Modelled from volume and game-mix assumptions. Actual losses require the full bet history.

The $3.5m–$21.6m range shows potential scale, not a confirmed total. Our assumptions draw on industry knowledge and may not match 500 Casino’s actual betting history, so the total could fall outside this range.

We ask 500 Casino to review its complete betting records and publish the total payout shortfall and how it was calculated, so we can update this report accurately.

How we estimated the player costScenario inputs, assumptions and the calculation behind the range
Extra expected loss per dollar
5–15¢

In the scenarios below; assumed effective edge of 10–20%.

Modelled Towers revenue above the benchmark
50–75%

Above the fixed-5% benchmark under those assumptions.

Default scenario
$10.11m

Over three equal-scale years; not a measured historical loss.

On 21 October 2026, FairGambling’s 365-day deposit figure showed $333.5m and Tanzanite’s Year figure showed $327m. We use a rounded $330m annual deposit input for the central scenarios. These are reported tracked crypto deposits, not Towers wagers or losses; the underlying transfers and coverage have not been independently audited. Neither view establishes annual volumes for each historical year.

To estimate scale, we assume how often deposited money is wagered, the casino’s overall hold, and the shares of gross gaming revenue attributable to Originals and Towers. Gross gaming revenue means stakes less payouts. Those game shares are revenue shares, not wagering shares: dividing modelled Towers revenue by its assumed effective edge gives Towers wagering. The table keeps the same annual scale for three years; it does not claim that this volume or game mix actually persisted.

Scenario and assumptionsTowers wagering / yrExtra expected loss per $Three equal years
Lower inputs: $327m deposits; 6× wagering; 4% casino hold; 20% Originals share; 15% Towers share; 10% Towers edge$23.54m5¢$3.53m
Central, 15% Towers share: $330m deposits; 7× wagering; 5% casino hold; 25% Originals share; 15% Towers edge$28.88m10¢$8.66m
Central, 20% Towers share: same central inputs, with Towers at 20% of Originals revenue$38.50m10¢$11.55m
Upper inputs: $333.5m deposits; 8× wagering; 6% casino hold; 30% Originals share; 20% Towers share; 20% Towers edge$48.02m15¢$21.61m

The default uses 17.5% of Originals revenue for Towers, between the two central rows: $3,368,750 per year, or $10,106,250 over three equal years. Every wagering, hold, game-share and effective-edge input is an assumption. The lower row is not a minimum loss, the range is not a confidence interval, and none of these figures is an established refund amount. Actual losses could fall outside this range. Rounding, payout caps, bonuses, rebates and changes in play are excluded. The sampled public bet feed does not establish complete Towers wagering or the target-row mix.

// Scenario calculation. Shares below are shares of gross gaming revenue.
Towers revenue = deposits × wagering/deposit × casino hold
                 × Originals share × Towers share
Towers wagering = Towers revenue ÷ assumed Towers edge
extra expected loss = Towers wagering × (Towers edge − 0.05)
three-year scenario = annual extra expected loss × 3

// A real winning cash-out: $20 Easy bet, row 3, November 2024
fixed-5% benchmark = $20 × 0.95 × 1.5^3 = $64.125 → $64.13
operator’s displayed win = $57.87
rounded benchmark difference = $64.13 − $57.87 = $6.26

The final example is a comparison for one successful cash-out, not an average loss on every $20 attempt. The operator’s displayed win matches the compounded formula: $20 × 1.425^3 = $57.8728125, rounded to $57.87. An account-level review is needed to establish compensation, including applicable settlement rules and any other adjustments.

08

What the findings establish

  1. Every cash-out past row 1 pays less.

    The repeated reduction raises the house edge from 5% to 40.13%.

    Payout mismatchView evidence →
  2. The Provably Fair results reproduce.

    2 commitments, 33 games and 53 selected tiles matched.

    Results verifyView evidence →
  3. The same pattern is documented across three years.

    September 2023 records, November 2024 wins and the October 2026 test.

    Dated evidenceView evidence →

What the evidence supports

Lower payouts are built into the formula, confirmed by the recorded cash-outs. The tested game results verify correctly. Dated sources show the payout pattern from 2023 to 2026.

What remains to be established

500 Casino’s complete bet history is needed to identify every affected payout and the total player cost. The model estimates scale; it does not establish an amount owed or intent.

What 500 Casino needs to address

  1. Publish the payout formula’s history

    Confirm whether this formula has been used since launch. List any other versions and the dates each was active.

  2. Review player histories and compensation

    Explain how all affected player histories will be reviewed, how shortfalls will be calculated, and whether and when players will be compensated.

  3. Make the advertising and payouts match

    Either clearly advertise that the 5% reduction compounds at every row, reaching a 40.13% house edge at the top, or change the paytables to deliver the advertised fixed 5% edge.

We are requesting a complete review of all affected players and compensation for their payout shortfalls.

09

Run the investigation yourself

Open data & reproducible analysis

Run the investigation yourself.

Check the payout tables and replay the retained game results using the evidence repository. The player-cost inputs are listed in section 07 (Estimating the cost to players); that financial model is separate and is not checked by the repository. The checks need Python 3 and Node.js, and run offline without a casino account or another bet.

analysis/run_all.pyPython 3 · Local
$ python3 -I -B analysis/run_all.py

Result summary · Passed

Payout tables, historical records and the recorded session.

Full-session replay · Checked results

Server commitments
2 / 2 match
Game results
33 / 33 match
Selected tiles
53 / 53 match
Historical payouts
27 / 27 match lower formula
View files & run commands

Download the evidence repository: 500casino-towers

Files, commands and full verification outputRecalculate the tables and replay the recorded session
  1. Download the evidence repository

    ProvablyFair-org/500casino-towers

    Requires Python 3 and Node.js. Run checks offline; no extra packages or casino account needed.

  2. Run all checks

    From the repository folder:

    python3 -I -B analysis/run_all.py
  3. Run the negative tests

    Each check must fail when one input is changed:

    python3 -I -B tests/run_negative.py

Expected results

server commitments        2 / 2 match
game results             33 / 33 match
selected tiles           53 / 53 match
Nov 2024 row payouts    270 / 270 full formula (client 3-dp labels 40 / 270)
Nov 2024 paid cash-outs  27 / 27 full formula
public-feed payouts     330 / 330 full formula (client 3-dp labels 199 / 330)
RESULT: PASS
Data files and source linksOriginal records, source inventory and reproducibility files
Live session
33 games, 53 selected tiles, 13 cash-outs, 20 bombs and $18.09 in stakes; screenshots, log and independent replay.
Precision
Payouts are consistent with the full compounded multiplier (270/270 and 330/330); the 3-decimal ladder is ruled out. 7- and 8-decimal truncation give the same results, so the exact internal precision isn’t uniquely identified.
History
27 operator-hosted records with November 2024 displayed dates, retrieved 28 October 2026. Selected wins, not a complete ledger.
Code & archives
Retained client source from November 2025 and October 2026, plus five retained historical help-page captures. Hashes identify the files; they do not prove continuous deployment.
Comparators
Official Stake and Shuffle rules and published payout information; not an audit of those operators’ live settlement systems.
Financial model
Dated dashboard observations plus explicit assumptions. The three-year projection is a scenario, not a measured historical sum.

Operator-hosted bet records may show the associated account. Source files and calculations accompany this report.

10

Conclusion

What players should know

500 Casino · Towers · Easy, Medium & Hard
AssessmentObserved resultVerdict
House edge5% advertised → up to 40.13%Payout mismatch
Provably Fair33 of 33 games reproducedResults verify
RNG certificateNo Towers payout-table assessmentOutside scope

Interpretation

The game results verify. The cash-out payouts fall short.

Under this paytable, every winning cash-out above row 1 receives less than the advertised fixed 5% should pay. Another 5% reduction is applied at each extra row, pushing the house edge up to 40.13% at the top. The same payout pattern is documented from 2023 to 2026.

A passing fairness check confirms the generated result. It does not approve the amount paid for that result. The payout table needs its own review, and affected players need a clear account of the difference.

Scope of the findings

Captured code, the October test and 27 historical wins support this finding. Complete operator records are needed for the full affected period and player total. The $3.5m–$21.6m range is an assumption-based three-year estimate.

ProvablyFair.org · Independent investigation · Published 29 October 2026

What should players do?

If you cashed out beyond row 1, keep your bet records and ask 500 Casino to review the payout against its advertised 5% edge.

  1. Check wins beyond row 1

    Save the date, stake, difficulty, cash-out row and amount you received. These are the wins affected by this payout pattern.

  2. Keep the evidence

    Download your bet history and save bet IDs or screenshots. A successful Provably Fair check does not confirm the payout amount.

  3. Ask 500 Casino to review your payouts

    Ask which payout table applied to your bets and how the amounts compare with the advertised fixed 5% edge.

Michael SmargiassiReport enquiries · ProvablyFair.org
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